Where this comes from
Our sources
The guide comes from the e-book. The numbers and the four situation pages come from these.
Understanding and Responding to Children Who Bite
NAEYC — National Association for the Education of Young Children — https://www.naeyc.org/our-work/families/understanding-and-responding-children-who-bite
Toddler Biting: Finding the Right Response
ZERO TO THREE — https://www.zerotothree.org/resource/toddler-biting-finding-the-right-response/
Biting
Nemours KidsHealth — https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/stop-biting.html
Young Children and Biting
Cleveland Clinic — https://health.clevelandclinic.org/young-children-and-biting
Is It Normal for Toddlers to Hit and Bite?
ParentData — Emily Oster — https://parentdata.org/toddlers/is-it-normal-for-toddlers-to-hit-and-bite/
Wat te doen als je kind bijt?
Partou Kinderopvang — https://partou.nl/actueel/wat-te-doen-als-je-kind-bijt/
Gebeten op de kinderopvang
Klachtenloket Kinderopvang — https://www.klachtenloket-kinderopvang.nl/vraag-en-antwoord/mijn-kind-is-op-de-kinderopvang-gebeten-door-een-ander-kindje-hoe-kan-ik-dit-voorkomen/
Questions parents ask at 10pm
Where does the information on this site come from?
From published guidance and research: NAEYC, ZERO TO THREE, Cleveland Clinic, Nemours KidsHealth, ParentData by Emily Oster, and Dutch childcare sources. Every source is listed on this page with a direct link, so you can read the original yourself.
Are these sources trustworthy?
They are professional bodies, paediatric organisations and published studies, not blogs or personal opinion. Where a number appears on this site, the study behind it is named. You are welcome to check any of them.
Is this medical advice?
No. This site offers general parenting information. It does not diagnose and it does not replace advice from your doctor, paediatrician or child psychologist.
Who writes this site?
It is made by a small team that builds apps for parents, drawing on 25 years of practice in preschool settings. The practical guidance comes from that experience, and the facts and numbers are checked against the sources listed here.
Do these numbers apply to my country?
The developmental picture is the same everywhere, because it comes from how small children develop, not from where they live. Exact daycare percentages vary with group size and setting, so treat them as a scale, not a measurement of your group.
Why is this guide free?
Because a parent looking this up at 10pm should not hit a paywall. The site is funded by the other parenting apps we make, which you will find linked at the bottom of the page.